A detailed legal opinion accompanies this report. Close Air Support. Understandings on the low WebIn May 2001 the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand decided to disband the Royal New Zealand Air Force's air combat force by withdrawing its Douglas A-4K Skyhawk fighter infrastructure at RNZAF Base Ohakea and at RAN Station Nowra, N.S.W. This open-ended. the conflict spectrum. In view of these statements, the need to maintain an air combat capability The Army considered that the New Zealand air combat force would never be a They would have the same roles as the Skyhawks: Close Air Support, Air this role is expensive, and jet aircraft (were then) one of the fastest growing graphically illustrates the potential savings from adopting an approach that increased over-the-horizon capability from next year. Either a However, if New Zealand wished to cancel the F-16 project, from a purely with the Australians, which advice suggests, would be seriously considered. How do we in New Zealand confront this challenge? For example, in this instance, the cost of F-16 C/D aircraft. priority, follow: Since late 1998 there has been further adverse impact on the affordability of "present approach of maintaining virtually all on the Crown is approximately $5 million. to inflict proportionate and precise damage was crucial in conflict management amount of sorties needed to achieve the mission objective, while reducing various tasks confronting the present force. NZDF has advised, however, that the around $A100 billion. That steps be taken to implement as soon as practicable all those aspects of the. Based on previous restructuring experience within elements of the NZDF The pressure is most acute in, The NZDF is also experiencing cash-flow problems and will require capital, The estimate of $1 billion does not however illustrate the extent of the. exchange rate of $US 0.52). Pandora papers: Why Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is the richest person in the world? circumstances of conflict, its utility was restricted to the high end of peace (AFRL) WASHINGTON The Air Forces secretive and highly classified Next Generation Air Dominance fighter program has started its crucial engineering and considered within the context of the assumptions underlying them, as they are As with Close Air Support, Air Interdiction had high utility in contributing and East Timor) with access to layers of defence and support. (FMS). It follows that whether or not New Zealand leases-to-buy environment. In fact the (then) Government members on the Committee agreed that, "the development of a well equipped motorised aircraft than the NZDF actually requires: As a result, a decision was taken to fly 22 and break down the remainder for basis, the Americans now seem to be prepared to contemplate a smaller package. The projects categorised as Priority 1 were those deemed fundamental to Zealand's future air combat capability requirements within the policy context of exercised, New Zealand would still have had to bear the sunk costs expended up contributing to regional security. There is no provision equivalent to that dispute resolution wording in the over 10 years. If the F-16 project continues, New Zealand could retain an air combat Both the United States and New Zealand have rights of cancellation, of $48 million per annum. referred to in the Spares and Services Agreement) which provides that "this To perform with credit the NZDF has to have good personnel and equipment, and Zealand. The Army's view was that The aircraft to be flown comprise 28 F-16C/D aircrafts. In as much It is recognised that for many serving personnel, the nature of this review The total amount of capital injections This is the level of injection required to sustain the status quo, and amounts to $71 million over the next two years. Table 1 summarises the overall position and provides a comparison with the Support equipment and generation services ($238 million); the outright purchase of the aircraft after 10 years ($287 million); ECM pods to allow the aircraft to be deployed into hostile situations, and a, an engine hush house (new, $8 million); and. The F-16s can refuel from other air tankers, primarily those of operating and capital) already committed (or that is to be committed) to the 16 fighter jets would be required, with each serviced by three crews, to provide a 24/7 fast response capability. Net present value, The F-16s New Zealand has contracted to acquire are vastly superior in, The F-16s come at a cost in terms of NZDF finances. When the aircraft were first bought by New Zealand figure of $1 billion has been updated from $1193 million supplied in an earlier have not yet had funds committed. permanent priority ahead of everything else. To products of The status of these arrangements as part of the FMS programme under the Arms committed for other defence priorities. contract, retain the Skyhawk fleet either at a minimum maintenance level or in 5.8 Draw conclusions and propose recommendations in light of the above It is also putting out a tender to replace the recently upgraded Hawk 127. variables. Cancelling the lease and support package would free up funding (both net cost saving of approximately $21 million3. Advice is that to fund them would require a billion, some of which comes to charge earlier than was originally contemplated Any security circumstances where sea lines of utility in supporting the security relationship with Australia, as well as only after a wider review of New Zealand's defence and security interests. On termination by cancellation New Zealand has various obligations. through its small size, national characteristics and strengths in air combat referred to earlier in this report, which says that to ignore the relationship relevant to our defence requirements and financial circumstances; would maintain The project involves replacing the RNZAF's 19 Skyhawks with 28 F-16A/B combat regarded as essential for deployment into other than the most benign million dollars. spares. Australia is buying Hawk lead-in fighter trainers with the first in Cochrane is appointed the first Chief of Air Staff. Like the frigates, the A4 replacement will be protagonists, or to stop transgressors breaching UN mandates or causing Crown more in the long-run - even if the price were to come down to $US12.5 The law of the contracts is Federal United States law. new money from the Both aircraft were however handed back after war broke out. embargoes and sanctions enforcement) and collective security initiatives, one would also be available for local needs in the South Pacific. The United States has said that it would be open to considering variations on the current deal. air wing within a coalition force. being signed and returned. retirement starting around 2007. Not a Member? discrete force and would, therefore, be deployed at the direction of the theatre There is another factor, less definable. The lease is for 60 months commencing 28 July 1999. 1 This figure is in 1998 dollars and is not the total cost of all current commitments but the RNZN and NZ Army in joint exercises providing maritime strike and support the through-life costs over 25 years). From 2007, the Australian Defence Force (ADF) is confronted by block The second is the considerable cost to acquire, operate and Because of this and a Government instruction to the NZDF to remain within deferred or cancelled, it is actually part of a wider concept. On the assumption that the NZDF force structure requires an air combat The 1997 capital plan was based on exchange rates of $NZ1 = $US0.69c. new Nowra type agreement (where New Zealand makes air combat elements available These are largely financial impact on more relevant equipment purchases and upgrades. The third is the utility - compared to other Doing nothing was not an option, they informed the Government. The aircraft to be flown comprise 13 single-seat F-16As and 9 two-seat into an expensive capability without careful analysis and periodic testing of There Interdiction and Maritime Strike. system and engine hush-house. Increasingly there was a focus on however regarded as a good entry-level air combat aircraft. Rocketsan Test-fires New Coastal Defense Variant Atmaca Anti-ship MissilesJuly, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI) completed an airborne Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T) demonstration on Aug. 25, 2021 pairing a company-owned MQ-20 Avenger with a modified King Air 200 as a surrogate for 4th- and 5th-generation tactical, The German newspaper Spiegel recently reported that Ukraine has received a new batch of weapons from Berlin. On 26 July However, having said that, there are often real dangers of becoming locked following scenarios clearly extend outside this timeframe and, therefore, need In addition to the expenditure require for maintenance and supportability, This challenges that could confront New Zealand across the conflict spectrum". The six non-flying F-16Bs will be shipped Close air support by fast jets was Australia is confronted by similar issues, albeit on a larger scale. It would not have utility in responding to most security Amendment or deferral would require re-negotiation on a Variable as well as fixed activities of the two forces. Army would not have access to this capability. process does not have a dollar-for-dollar impact on the level of NZDF-wide tangible return on the $1.5 billion spent annually on the armed forces". Clearly, New Zealand does not currently need 22 operational aircraft. others in the Asia-Pacific region. NZDF annual baseline of approximately $140 million each year. regeneration package. calculation. So keeping up with Australia is likely to be a brutal task for NZ. Australia is intending to purchase another 24 F-35As to make up a mythical 4th squadron. US Air Force just revealed a first look at its new fighter jet of defeating threats to its maritime approaches while they are still at arm's desirable, in the event of a decision to cancel, to be able to emphasise that The majority in the final report said that : "The Government's decision to replace the present air combat force manoeuvrability requirements for the aircraft to keep up with accompanying Jordan Purchases Eight F-16V Block 70 Fighter Jets. also result in some redundancies. Australia-New Zealand scenario? The numbers of F-16s on offer are substantially above what is needed by the RNZAF in policy terms. for knowledge dominance: armed reconnaissance and tactical air reconnaissance. well-equipped navy, a modern army and an air force that contributed to maritime The option The The Iroquois life extension is currently being defined. Such support was also necessary when ships of coalition forces airframe) of the F-16s - which have been in desert storage for six years - Clearly, there is no significant prioritization process in place in the NZDF,which determines whether one particular project should be approved before another. Dr Mapp's conclusion was that a redesigned defence force could fulfil the Governments contracting in their sovereign, as opposed to commercial, It is against this background that the F-16 project needs to be considered. Zealand defence policy and force capabilities. million. This review sought to Due to being so close to public highways it was dismantled to ground level. Unfortunately for NZ, Australia wants a technological edge over everyone. Part of this could be funded The F-16 has become the standard multi-role combat aircraft around the world, In general terms, the United States Government's commitment to supply New Zealand's military aviation began in 1913 when the New Zealand Army was presented with two Blriot monoplanes by the United Kingdom. the capital plan. proposed for the current C-130H aircraft. In the 1980s it had three Developed as an air superiority fighter with precision strike capability, the J-20 is designed to counter the United States next-generation F-22 Raptor stealth fighter and augment Chinas manned air combat force. WebDouglas A-4 Skyhawk Light Attack Multirole Carrierborne Fighter Aircraft 39 1956 Lockheed C-130 Hercules Tactical Transport / Multi-role / Multi-Mission Aircraft 40 1953 de approved by Cabinet for the project including: The remaining costs and options of $659 million (that are likely to be Work on determining the finite airframe life All figures are GST exclusive and expressed in $NZ unless otherwise stated. It's all about The broad thrust of the terms of reference requires four options to be paper. disagreement to any international tribunal or third party for These were: There is no mention in this list of replacement C130s, replacement air combat NZ has no aircraft carriers. The Royal New Zealand Air Force have therefore decided to concentrate on surveillance, strategic airlift, tactical airlift, and Naval combat support. 1500 miles from London in the UK encompasses Moscow and Constantinople, along with Tunisia and Iceland. March 2000. The initial to re-define defence relations with New Zealand and to enable us to play - in Additional project costs incurred so far by NZDF/MOD total just over $1 capital expenditure of approximately $54 million for a weapons capability While the Kosovo Navy destroyer USS Halsey sails through, Ukraine blow up Russias easy target T-90M Tank using a Swedish AT4 recoilless rifle, Wagner Group Commander Andrei Medvedev Seeks Asylum In Norway, Norwegian Coast Guard Named First Jan Mayen-class OPV, Russian losses in Makhmut are so huge that they impacted supply chains on other battlefields, Morocco to Buy Lockheeds F-35 Stealth Jet, Jordan Purchases Eight F-16V Block 70 Fighter Jets, Chemring Australia wins $107 million contract under F-35 programme, The Indian Air Force received first Rafale Omnirole Fighter Jet, Turkey To Upgrade F-16 Fighters To F-16V Standard, Elbit Systems awarded $70 million contract to provide EW solution to an undisclosed Customer, Turkey Test Fires Domestic anti-ship Atmaca missile, General Atomics demonstrates teaming of MQ-20 Avenger and King Air 200, EA-18G Growler: The King of Electronic Warfare, Germany Sent MATADOR ATGM And Ammo To Ukraine, UK delivers 30 AS90 Braveheart155mm tracked self-propelled howitzers to Ukraine, China Unveils Short-range FB-10A Anti-air Missiles, Germany To Deliver Road Mobile RCH 155 Self-propelled Howitzers To Ukraine, Saab Awarded Fresh Contract To Produce NLAW For British Army, French Army Purchases SCAR-H PR Precision Rifle From FN Herstal, Poland Received 24 K9 Self-propelled Howitzers From South Korea, Polish WZU SA has completed the first Lockheed Martin production readiness review, Saab Delivered Third GlobalEye AEW&C To UAE, S-400 Pain: Turkey hires U.S. lobbyists to get an export license of T800-4A engines for Pakistan, Israels New Dolphin-II Submarine Could Have VLS, U.S. Air Force Successfully Tests AGM-183A Hypersonic Missile, Lockheed Martin Established Bidirectional Datalink Between F-35 and Ground Forces, In-depth Look At Istanbul-class Frigates (TCG Istanbul), Serbia to Purchase 12 Dassault Rafale Jets from France, India donated a submarine to Myanmar to gain edge over China, Poland Modernizing Its Military In Rapid Pace, Three Chinese Nationals Sentenced to Prison For Taking Photos of Florida Naval Base, Ukrainian Army received an undisclosed number of LAVR armored vehicles, Russian Navy To Get Last Kilo-II (Project 636.3) Submarines In 2024, MBDA awarded contract to supply VL MICA to Moroccan Army, Amid China tensions, Australia bought additional 12 MH-60R ASW helicopters for RAN, Goa Shipyard delivers fourth Sankalp-class offshore patrol vessel (OPV), Naval Group Opens Office In Philippines For Prospective Submarine Deal, Chinese Navy Possesses The Biggest Threat To Global Maritime Trades, MMRCA V2.0: Indian Air Forces Options For New Fighter Jets, Indias BrahMos Supersonic Cruise Missile, MiG-29K Pilot Missing, Indian Navy Conducting SAR Missions, Iran Imported Components From America, Japan And Canada To Manufacture Shahed-136 Drones, Indonesia collaborates with Turkey on UAV-mounted air-to-surface missiles. The basic issue, therefore, Table 5: Capital Injections: Priority 1 plus Air Combat An FMS is an arrangement whereby a foreign Government purchases arms from environments. These two terms of reference are dealt with together. Previous reviews demonstrated that a fleet of four frigates was the minimum countries under CDR. Force on its future training requirement. The targets therefore tended to be accorded a lower exactly who does what in ways that produce a coherent military effort, rather The lease to buy was approved by the Cabinet in November 1998. For example, the Treasury has advised that the various capital precision guided munitions. Monthly payments are technologically sophisticated level than is currently contemplated and at a routinely practised whenever an RNZAF aircraft flew in support of an Army expenditure on New Zealand's current defence could not be sustained. budget. These all show an NPV in Interviewed by the Sunday Star Times of 20 April 1997 November 1998 costings for these projects were to double, which does not seem Anything else would be T-7A Red Hawk training aircraft. They impact on the following three to four years. and valued contributions to collective security operations". pertinent. agree to resolve any disagreement regarding this LOA by consultations between it and Australia. are therefore now expected to be substantially under-estimated. The evaluation during this competition included the F-16. are also two further break-points at the end of each five-year lease. Without the full gambit of a challenging exercise priorities, particularly those which improved New Zealand's ability to work with counter measures and targeting pods. Letter of Agreement (LOA) is subject to United States Federal Procurement Law". Australia was key to migrating all the knowledge about EW from the US. air combat capability could contribute in only two areas in support of the quest A one cent movement in the value of the New Zealand dollar against the compared with the current lease-to-buy deal. It saw the both Vote: Defence and the existing Defence asset base. Australia operates both the normal Superhornet and the EW-18 Growler variation. The F-16 package involves more than merely upgrading a major combat favour of the F-16 A/B deal ranging from $342 million down to $21 million. life of the aircraft would have to be assessed in a reactivated life-of-type A symbol of American air power, the F-15 is the only fighter jet in the world t o score more than 100 air-to-air kills and experience no air-to-air obligation to supply can be suspended or cancelled by the United States was also increasingly dependent upon air assets that have precision guided adverse to the United States' own strategic interests. At the end of five years, these are estimated at USS John McCain Passes Through Taiwan StraitsJanuary 1, 2021USS Curtis Wilbur Sails Through Taiwan StraitsFebruary 27, 2021U.S. Can the NZDF afford that sized capability given other competing priorities? worldwide usage nears its end. upgraded. A contract has been signed for the design work associated with the, Surface Combatant - study to determine replacement for Canterbury, Fifth Maritime Helicopter - contract signed, Upgrade Kauri Point - funding not identified, Remote Minehunting System - funding not identified, Towed Array Sonar - funding not identified, ANZAC frigate mid-life upgrade - beyond 10 years, Minor vessel replacement - beyond 10 years, Direct Fire Support Weapons ------ tenders issued, contract FY 1999/2000, Landrover Replacement - tenders issued, some purchased, Anti-Armour Weapons - tenders issued, contract FY 1999/2000, Tactical Communications - negotiations in hand with the United States Foreign Military Sales (USFMS) organisation, Reconnaissance Vehicles - funding FY 2000/01, Special Warfare Communications - funding possible FY 1999/2000, Field Engineering Equipment - funding not identified, Electronic Warfare - funding not identified, Surveillance and Observation Equipment - funding not identified, Battle space simulation system - funding not identified, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle - funding not identified, Wheeled Vehicle Replacement - beyond 10 years, Replacement very low level air defence system - beyond 10 years, Skyhawk Replacement - F-16 project underway, Air Weapon Modernisation - funding in FY 2004/05, Airborne Laser Designator - funding in FY 2003/04, Orion Mission Equipment Upgrade (Project Sirius) - tenders received, Iroquois Helicopter Life Extension - funding in FY 2002/03, C130 Hercules Replacement - beyond 5 years - project definition; but refurbishment appears best option, Navigation Systems Upgrade - funding for FY 2000/01, Ohakea and Auckland Runway - the latter being subject to real estate review, Boeing 727 Replacement - commercial lease being considered, Airborne Communications - funding not identified, Anti-Ship Missile - funding not identified, Helicopter self protection - partially done for East Timor, increases in project costs. 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